Глагол have в английском языке
Перевод have с английского на русский
Примеры
3 формы глагола с транскрипцией
| Base Form Инфинитив | Past Simple 2-ая форма | Past Participle 3-ая форма (Причастие прошедшего времени) | Gerund Герундий |
|---|---|---|---|
| have | had | had | having |
| [hæv] | [hæd] | [hæd] | [ˈhævɪŋ] |
| [hæv] | [hæd] | [hæd] | [ˈhævɪŋ] |
Тренажёр спряжения для запоминая форм
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Спряжение have в английском языке во всех временах, лицах и числах
Simple Tense — Простое (неопределенное) время
Present Simple
Простое настоящее
Past Simple
Простое прошедшее
Future Simple
Простое будущее
Continuous Tense — Длительное время
Present Simple Continuous
Настоящее длительное
Past Simple Continuous
Прошедшее длительное
Future Simple Continuous
Будущее длительное
Perfect Tense — Совершенное время
Present Perfect
Настоящее совершенное
Past Perfect
Прошедшее совершенное
Future Perfect
Будущее совершенное
Perfect Continuous Tense — Длительное совершенное время
Present Perfect Continuous
Настоящее совершенное длительное
Past Perfect Continuous
Прошедшее совершенное длительное
Future Perfect Continuous
Будущее совершенное длительное
Conditional — Условное наклонение
Спряжение глагола «to have» (Английский язык)
Глагол to have – неправильный глагол в английском языке, в переводе на русский означает: иметь, обладать; содержать; испытывать что-л.,подвергаться чему-л..
| Infinitive | to have |
|---|---|
| Simple past | had |
| Past participle | had |
| -s | has |
| -ing | having |
Have in present simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He does not have
She does not have
It does not have
Вопрос
Does he have?
Does she have?
Does it have?
Have in present continuous
Утверждение
He is having
She is having
It is having
Отрицание
You are not having
He is not having
She is not having
It is not having
You are not having
They are not having
Вопрос
Is he having?
Is she having?
Is it having?
Have in present perfect
Утверждение
He has had
She has had
It has had
Отрицание
He has not had
She has not had
It has not had
Вопрос
Has he had?
Has she had?
Has it had?
Have in present perfect continuous
Утверждение
I have been having
You have been having
He has been having
She has been having
It has been having
We have been having
You have been having
They have been having
Отрицание
I have not been having
You have not been having
He has not been having
She has not been having
It has not been having
We have not been having
You have not been having
They have not been having
Вопрос
Have I been having?
Have you been having?
Has he been having?
Has she been having?
Has it been having?
Have we been having?
Have you been having?
Have they been having?
Have in past simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He did not have
She did not have
It did not have
Вопрос
Did he have?
Did she have?
Did it have?
Have in past continuous
Утверждение
He was having
She was having
It was having
Отрицание
You were not having
He was not having
She was not having
It was not having
We were not having
You were not having
They were not having
Вопрос
Was he having?
Was she having?
Was it having?
Have in past perfect
Утверждение
He had had
She had had
It had had
Отрицание
He had not had
She had not had
It had not had
Вопрос
Had he had?
Had she had?
Had it had?
Have in past perfect continuous
Утверждение
You had been having
He had been having
She had been having
It had been having
We had been having
You had been having
They had been having
Отрицание
I had not been having
You had not been having
He had not been having
She had not been having
It had not been having
We had not been having
You had not been having
They had not been having
Вопрос
Had you been having?
Had he been having?
Had she been having?
Had it been having?
Had we been having?
Had you been having?
Had they been having?
Have in future simple
Утверждение
He will have
She will have
It will have
Отрицание
He will not have
She will not have
It will not have
They will not have
Вопрос
Will he have?
Will she have?
Will it have?
Have in future continuous
Утверждение
You will be having
He will be having
She will be having
It will be having
You will be having
They will be having
Отрицание
I will not be having
You will not be having
He will not be having
She will not be having
It will not be having
We will not be having
You will not be having
They will not be having
Вопрос
Will you be having?
Will he be having?
Will she be having?
Will it be having?
Will you be having?
Will they be having?
Have in future perfect
Утверждение
He will have had
She will have had
It will have had
They will have had
Отрицание
I will not have had
You will not have had
He will not have had
She will not have had
It will not have had
We will not have had
You will not have had
They will not have had
Вопрос
Will he have had?
Will she have had?
Will it have had?
Will they have had?
Have in future perfect continuous
Утверждение
I will have been having
You will have been having
He will have been having
She will have been having
It will have been having
We will have been having
You will have been having
They will have been having
Отрицание
I will not have been having
You will not have been having
He will not have been having
She will not have been having
It will not have been having
We will not have been having
You will not have been having
They will not have been having
Вопрос
Will I have been having?
Will you have been having?
Will he have been having?
Will she have been having?
Will it have been having?
Will we have been having?
Will you have been having?
Will they have been having?
Have in conditional present
Утверждение
He would have
She would have
It would have
Отрицание
You would not have
He would not have
She would not have
It would not have
You would not have
They would not have
Вопрос
Would he have?
Would she have?
Would it have?
Have in conditional present progressive
Утверждение
You would be having
He would be having
She would be having
It would be having
We would be having
You would be having
They would be having
Отрицание
I would not be having
You would not be having
He would not be having
She would not be having
It would not be having
We would not be having
You would not be having
They would not be having
Вопрос
Would you be having?
Would he be having?
Would she be having?
Would it be having?
Would we be having?
Would you be having?
Would they be having?
Have in conditional perfect
Утверждение
You would have had
He would have had
She would have had
It would have had
You would have had
They would have had
Отрицание
I would not have had
You would not have had
He would not have had
She would not have had
It would not have had
We would not have had
You would not have had
They would not have had
Вопрос
Would you have had?
Would he have had?
Would she have had?
Would it have had?
Would you have had?
Would they have had?
Have in conditional perfect progressive
Утверждение
I would have been having
You would have been having
He would have been having
She would have been having
It would have been having
We would have been having
You would have been having
They would have been having
Отрицание
I would not have been having
You would not have been having
He would not have been having
She would not have been having
It would not have been having
We would not have been having
You would not have been having
They would not have been having
Вопрос
Would I have been having?
Would you have been having?
Would he have been having?
Would she have been having?
Would it have been having?
Have past continuous форма
иметь, содержать, иметься, обладать, располагать, пользоваться, владеть, получать, принимать, испытывать, провести, проводить, приходиться, оказывать, носить, проявлять, потерпеть, вспомогательный, глагол
Реализовано с помощью сервиса «API «Яндекс.Словарь»
Present
I have
you have
he has
we have
you have
they have
Present continuous
Past simple
I have had
you have had
he has had
we have had
you have had
they have had
Past continuous
I have been having
you have been having
he has been having
we have been having
you have been having
they have been having
Present perfect
I will have
you will have
he will have
we will have
you will have
they will have
Present perfect continuous
I will be having
you will be having
he will be having
we will be having
you will be having
they will be having
Past perfect
I will have had
you will have had
he will have had
we will have had
you will have had
they will have had
Past perfect continuous
I will have been having
you will have been having
he will have been having
we will have been having
you will have been having
they will have been having
Future
Future continuous
Future perfect
I had been having
you had been having
he had been having
we had been having
you had been having
they had been having
Future perfect continuous
Present
I would have
you would have
he would have
we would have
you would have
they would have
Present continuous
I would be having
you would be having
he would be having
we would be having
you would be having
they would be having
I would have had
you would have had
he would have had
we would have had
you would have had
they would have had
Past continuous
I would have been having
you would have been having
he would have been having
we would have been having
you would have been having
they would have been having
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разделы
Глагол to have
Английский глагол to have обычно переводится как «иметь, обладать», но не всегда. Существует много разных случаев употребления глагола to have:
Сперва мы рассмотрим правила употребления глагола to have в значении «иметь, обладать» во времени Present Simple. Затем разберем основные случаи употребления глагола to have в разных значениях. В заключительной части стати приведем примеры предложений с to have в разных английских временах.
Правило построения предложений с глаголом to have
Сейчас мы рассмотрим правило построения утвердительных, вопросительных и отрицательных предложений с to have в Present Simple.
| Лицо | Единственное число | Множественное число |
|---|---|---|
| 1-е лицо | I have | We have |
| 2-е лицо | You have | You have |
| 3-е лицо | He has She has It has | They have |
Утвердительное предложение с to have
Глагол to have/has как смысловой означает обладание. С его помощью можно сказать «Я имею», «У меня есть», «У него есть» и др.
I have a flat in Moscow.
У меня есть квартира в Москве.
He has a well-paid job in Belarus.
У него хорошо оплачиваемая работа в Беларуси.
We have a mother, a father and a sister.
У нас есть мама, папа и сестра.
Вопрос и отрицание с to have
Способы образования отрицательного предложения:
Способы образования вопросительного предложения:
Первый способ является нормой для британского английского; второй способ не свойственен строгому академическому или деловому языку. Посмотрите примеры:
I haven’t a cat / I don’t have a cat.
He hasn’t a bike / He doesn’t have a bike.
У него нет велосипеда.
Соответственно, и вопросительное предложение с to have может быть построено двумя способами:
Have you a dog? / Do you have a dog?
У тебя есть собака?
Has he a country house? / Does he have a country house?
Еще несколько примеров вопросительных предложений в Present, Past и Future Simple (другие примеры для разных грамматических времен в конце статьи):
Случаи употребления to have
Описание внешности
Глагол to have необходимо употреблять в описании внешности людей или животных, когда дается ответ на вопрос: как он/она/они выглядят? Примеры вопросов, отвечая на которые мы будем использовать глагол to have:
How do you look like?
How does he look like?
How does your father look like?
Как выглядит твой отец?
How do they look like?
Для ответа на такие вопросы в английском языке употребляется to have и to be (но не одновременно, а что-то одно). При этом, в описании внешности эти глаголы не переводятся.
He is in his early fifties.
He is tall and fat.
Он высокий и толстый.
He has thin medium-length hair.
У него тонкие волосы средней длины.
He has a grey beard and a moustache.
У него седая борода и усы.
He has a rather long face with a pointed chin, a big nose.
У него довольно длинное лицо с заостренным подбородком, большой нос.
He has thin lips and big ears.
У него тонкие губы и большие уши.
I don’t think he looks attractive.
Я не думаю, что он выглядит привлекательно.
Глагол to have в таких случаях не употребляется в группе времен Continuous. То есть, мы не можем сказать «He is having blue eyes«, правильно будет «He has blue eyes«.
Устойчивые фразы с глаголом to have
to have breakfast/dinner/lunch
to have a good time
хорошо проводить время
to have a headache
Следует обратить внимание, что данные конструкции с глаголом to have могут использоваться и во временах группы Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous:
I am still having a lesson (Present Continuous).
Я все еще на уроке.
I have had English classes recently (Present Perfect).
Я недавно провел/посетил урок английского.
She has been having a bath for 40 min (Present Perfect Continuous).
Она уже принимает ванную 40 минут.
He was having a talk with the manager when I entered the room (Past Continuous).
Он разговаривал с менеджером, когда я вошел в комнату.
To have в перфектных временах
Во временах группы Perfect глагол to have принимает роль вспомогательного глагола и на русский язык не переводится:
Tom looked unhappy, because he had had a row with his parents before.
Том выглядел несчастным, потому что раньше у него был скандал с родителями.
He has been having a shower for 10 min.
Он уже принимает душ 10 минут.
Примеры употребление глагола to have для построения предложений в Perfect Tense смотрите ниже, в конце этой статьи.
Have got
Глагол to have в страдательном залоге
Я никогда не убираю квартиру сам. Мне убирают.
Я не могу говорить с тобой прямо сейчас. Я у парикмахера. Меня стригут.
Я не могу прийти на твой день рождения завтра. У меня назначена встреча с механиком. Я собираюсь починить мою машину.
Твое платье выглядит неопрятным. Ты должна почистить его.
Have to в роли модального глагола
Соответственно для построения вопросительных и отрицательных предложений необходимо использование вспомогательных глаголов в соответствующем времени:
Примеры предложений с to have в разных английских временах
Форма глагола to have зависит от лица (см. таблицу выше) и грамматического времени, в котором строится предложение.
Present Simple
В примерах ниже мы рассмотрим употребление to have как в значении «иметь, обладать», так и в других значениях.
I have a flat in Paris and a country house in the suburb.
У меня есть квартира в Париже и загородный дом в пригороде.
Do you have any accommodation in Paris?
У вас есть жилье в Париже?
Глагол to have в других значениях.
My husband never has a bath, he always has a shower.
Мой муж никогда не принимает ванну, он всегда принимает душ.
Do you have tea or coffee in the morning?
Ты пьешь чай или кофе по утрам?
Why are you always busy in the evenings?
Почему ты всегда занят по вечерам?
In the evenings I have long walks in the forest.
По вечерам я долго гуляю в лесу.
Present Continuous
| Лицо | Единственное число | Множественное число |
|---|---|---|
| 1-е лицо | I am having | We are having |
| 2-е лицо | You are having | You are having |
| 3-е лицо | He is having She is having It is having | They are having |
Напомним, что в Present Continuous глагол to have не употребляется в значении «иметь, обладать».
I can’t talk to you just now. I am having a shave.
Я не могу говорить с тобой сейчас. Я бреюсь.
Tom isn’t free now. He is having a Maths lesson.
Том не свободен сейчас. У него урок математики.
Are you having lunch or a sleep?
Ты обедаешь или спишь?
Martha is happy. She is having a holiday in London. She is having a good time there.
Марта счастлива. Она отдыхает в Лондоне. Она хорошо проводит время там.
My husband’s phone is off. He is having a talk with his business partners.
Телефон моего мужа выключен. Он разговаривает со своими деловыми партнерами.
Tom can’t speak to you just now. He is having a rest at the seaside.
Том не может говорить с тобой сейчас. Он отдыхает на море.
I am going to put on my formal costume. I am having classes today.
Я собираюсь надеть свой костюм. У меня сегодня занятия.
I hear some loud sounds from the kitchen. My parents are having a quarrel.
Я слышу громкие звуки из кухни. Мои родители ссорятся.
Why is your sister’s phone off? Is she having a talk with her teacher?
Почему телефон твоей сестры выключен? Она разговаривает со своим учителем?
We aren’t free. We are still having business lunch with our colleagues in a quiet cafe in Gorky street.
Мы не свободны. Мы все еще обедаем с коллегами в тихом кафе на улице Горького.
Past Simple
У меня не было машины.
I didn’t have a car.
У меня не было машины.
| Лицо | Единственное число | Множественное число |
|---|---|---|
| 1-е лицо | I had | We had |
| 2-е лицо | You had | You had |
| 3-е лицо | He had She had It had | They had |
When I saw him he had a sad face with tears. He explained he had a splitting headache.
Когда я видел его, у него было печальное лицо со слезами. Он объяснил, что у него голова раскалывается от боли.
In my childhood we had a small flat in a village. We didn’t keep any domestic animals. We didn’t have a car or a bike. But we were happy because we all were young and healthy.
В детстве у нас была маленькая квартира в деревне. Мы не держали домашних животных. У нас не было машины или велосипеда. Но мы были счастливы, потому что мы все были молоды и здоровы.
When in Brazil we used to have delicious meals for dinner.
Находясь в Бразилии мы обычно если вкусные блюда на ужин.
В последнем случае мы поставили to have в форму настоящего времени, так как перед ним стоит оборот used to, указывающий на прошедшее время.
Future Simple
I think I’ll have some soup and fish with soft potato.
Я закажу немного супа и рыбу с картофельным пюре.
If you eat too much sugar you’ll have some problems with your teeth.
Если вы едите слишком много сахара, у вас будут проблемы с зубами.
I promise, I’ll have a bath a bit later.
Я обещаю, что приму ванну немного позже.
How many classes will you have next week?
Сколько уроков у вас будет на следующей неделе?
I don’t think I’ll have much fun seeing sick people in hospitals.
Я не думаю, что мне будет очень весело видеть больных в больницах.
I believe, I’ll have a good time in Moscow again.
Полагаю, я снова хорошо проведу время в Москве.
Will you have a test tomorrow?
Завтра у тебя будет тест?
Past Continuous
I was still having a bath when my friends knocked at my door.
Я все еще принимал ванну, когда мои друзья постучали в дверь.
While I was having a walk with my dog, all my family were having a tea party in the garden.
Пока я гулял с собакой, вся моя семья пила чай в саду.
Were you having a chat with your boss last Monday about 7 p.m.?
Вы разговаривали с боссом в прошлый понедельник около 7 часов вечера?
Where were you having a rest all last week?
Где вы отдыхали всю прошлую неделю?
Were you having a lesson or a rest when the accident happened?
У вас был урок или отдых, когда произошла авария?
Nobody bothered me when I was having a good time at that small but quiet village in the mountains.
Никто не побеспокоил меня пока я хорошо проводил время в той маленькой, но тихой деревне в горах.
Future Continuous
Don’t ring me up tomorrow at 7 p.m. I’ll be having dinner with my family.
Не звони мне завтра в семь вечера. Я буду ужинать с моей семьей.
I amn’t sure if I will be having a sleep tomorrow at 7 p.m.
Я не уверен, что буду спать завтра в семь часов вечера.
I am afraid I’ll be having a row with the manager tomorrow morning.
Боюсь, у меня будет ссора с менеджером завтра утром.
I am sure, we will not be having any lessons on Sunday all day long.
Я уверен, что у нас не будет никаких уроков в воскресенье весь день.
Present Perfect
Рассмотрим употребление to have в качестве вспомогательного глагола во времени Present Perfect:
I have just had breakfast.
Я только что позавтракал.
He has already found a good job.
Он уже нашел хорошую работу.
We have already seen this film.
Мы уже видели этот фильм.
Have you ever eaten real sushi?
Вы когда-нибудь ели настоящие суши?
Has your brother ever flown to Japan?
Твой брат когда-нибудь летал в Японию?
Have you ever made any mistakes in your Physics tests?
Ты когда-нибудь ошибался в тестах по физике?
We have known each other for 20 years. We have been friends since our teens.
Мы знакомы уже 20 лет. Мы были друзьями с подросткового возраста.
Why have you bought this dress? It does not suit you.
Зачем ты купила это платье? Оно не подходит тебе.
What have you done with your new PC?
Что вы сделали с вашим новым ПК?
How long have you had this car?
Как долго у тебя была эта машина?
How many kms has your car done?
Сколько километров прошла ваша машина?
How much petrol has your car used?
Сколько бензина использовала ваша машина?
Why haven’t you finished your task?
Почему ты не закончил свою задачу?
Have you ever seen a ghost?
Ты когда-нибудь видел призрака?
He looks glad. He has won a great sum of money on the lottery.
Он выглядит довольным. Он выиграл большую сумму денег в лотерее.
Past Perfect
I didn’t try any meal at that caffe. I wasn’t hungry, I had had a big breakfast that day.
Я не пробовал никакой еды в этом кафе. Я не был голоден, у меня был большой завтрак в тот день.
I asked Jim for dinner, but he refused to join me, saying he had been tired all that time.
Я попросил Джима поужинать, но он отказался присоединиться ко мне, сказав, что он был уставшим все это время.
When I met my former boyfriend again occasionally in Warsaw I had been married for 15 years.
Когда я снова встретила своего бывшего парня в Варшаве, я была замужем уже 15 лет.
Tom looked unhappy, because he had had a row with his parents before.
Том выглядел несчастным, потому что раньше у него был скандал с родителями.
I didn’t have to ask Peter for help because I had done the laundry myself.
Мне не нужно было просить Питера о помощи, потому что я стирала сама.
By the time I reached the house I had seen some roads accidents. It was a very rainy day.
К тому времени, когда я добрался до дома, я увидел несколько дорожно-транспортных происшествий. Это был очень дождливый день.
Present Perfect Continuous
I am tired. I have been waiting for you for 45 min.
Я устал. Я ждал тебя 45 минут.
Your cheeks are red. Have you been running?
Твои щеки красные. Ты бегал?
How long have you been working here?
Как долго ты работаешь здесь?
You look pleased. Since when have you been going out with Martha?
Ты выглядишь довольным. С каких пор ты встречался с Мартой?
I can’t come to your wedding ceremony. I have been feeling unwell for 3 weeks.
Past Perfect Continuous
I was tired. I had been waiting for him for 45 mins.
Я был уставшим. Я ждал его 45 минут.
He spoke in a whisper. He had been giving a long speech before norsy students.
Он говорил шепотом. Он произносил длинную речь перед шумными студентами.
How long had he been working for that company before moving to that town?
Как долго он работал в этой компании, прежде чем переехать в этот город?
He was upset. He hadn’t been working for that company for 3 years.
Он был расстроен. Он не работал в этой компании 3 года.
They couldn’t move. They had been sitting along in that tight box for some weeks.
Они не могли двигаться. Потому что провели несколько недель в тесном изоляторе.
Заключение
В статье приведены разные случаи употребления глагола to have: в роли смыслового, модального, в устойчивых фразах, где to have имеет разные значения. Даны примеры построения утвердительных, вопросительных и отрицательных предложений в разных грамматических временах.
Great those who love us in the faith. Grace be with you all. Your helpful teacher.